UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC APPROACH TO PROTEIN BINDING ANALYSIS OF ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUGS

Abstract

Protein binding plays a crucial role in determining the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs, influencing their bioavailability, distribution, and therapeutic activity. Antihypertensive drugs, widely prescribed for the management of hypertension, often exhibit variable degrees of plasma protein binding, which may affect their efficacy and safety. The present study aimed to investigate the protein binding characteristics of selected antihypertensive drugs using UV spectrophotometry as a simple, rapid, and costeffective analytical tool. Human serum albumin (HSA) was used as the model protein, and drug–protein binding interactions were evaluated by measuring changes in absorbance spectra at specific wavelengths. Binding parameters, including percentage protein binding and dissociation constants, were determined from spectrophotometric data. Results revealed that the studied antihypertensive drugs exhibited moderate to high levels of protein binding, with differences observed between individual agents, highlighting variability in their pharmacological profiles. The study demonstrates the potential of UV spectrophotometry as a reliable technique for screening drug–protein interactions, contributing to a better understanding of drug disposition and therapeutic performance