THERAPEUTIC CONTACT LENSES IN OCULAR DRUG DELIVERY AND DISEASE MANAGEMENT: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

Abstract

Therapeutic contact lenses have emerged as a promising innovation in ophthalmic care, offering a dual role in vision correction and ocular therapy. Unlike conventional lenses, these advanced devices are designed to protect the corneal surface, enhance wound healing, and deliver drugs directly to the eye with sustained release. Their applications extend across the management of dry eye disease, corneal injuries, postoperative recovery, and ocular infections, where traditional eye drops face limitations such as poor bioavailability and rapid drug clearance. Recent advancements in lens fabrication—such as hydrogel modifications, nanoparticle incorporation, and molecular imprinting— have enabled controlled drug release, improved biocompatibility, and enhanced patient compliance. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the therapeutic potentials, materials, fabrication strategies, and clinical applications of therapeutic contact lenses, while also addressing challenges related to safety, long-term wearability, and regulatory approval. The integration of smart technologies, including biosensors and responsive drug delivery mechanisms, further positions therapeutic contact lenses as a transformative platform in ocular disease management and personalized eye care