ENHANCING PATIENT OUTCOMES THROUGH PHARMACIST-LED COUNSELING IN TYPE 2 DIABETES AND HYPERTENSION

Abstract

Chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension require continuous management and patient engagement for optimal outcomes. Pharmacist-led counseling can play a pivotal role in improving patients’ knowledge, attitudes, practices (KAP), and quality of life (QOL) while reducing drug-related problems and complications. This interventional prospective study was conducted to assess the impact of structured counseling on patients with coexisting T2DM and hypertension. Participants were divided into a test group, which received detailed counseling on disease management, medication adherence, lifestyle modifications, and complication prevention, and a control group, which received routine care and standard information. Over a six-month follow-up, changes in KAP and QOL were assessed and statistically analyzed. Results demonstrated that counseling significantly improved patients’ understanding of their conditions, attitudes toward self-care, and adherence to prescribed treatments. The test group showed significant improvements in physical health measures, including blood pressure and blood sugar levels, and overall physical quality of life. Mental quality of life showed limited change, indicating the need for supplementary psychological support. These findings highlight that pharmacist-led counseling is an effective strategy to enhance treatment outcomes, empower patients, and improve their overall well-being. Integrating such counseling into routine chronic disease management programs can strengthen patient self-management and reduce the risk of drugrelated complications.